Perennial, mostly aquatic or amphibious herbs with linear, grass-like lvs; x=11. 100+, cosmop. Hybrids are not infrequent. Some such are I. إatonii R. Dodge = I. echinospora נengelmannii; I. ئoveolata A. A. Eaton = I. riparia נtuckermanii; and I. بarveyi A. A. Eaton = I. lacustris נtuckermanii; I. بickeyi W. C. Taylor & Luebke = I. echinospora נlacustris.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.
